Holistic processing was not evident in younger children. In adults both 2 nd order and featural information are incorporated into holistic representations, whereas older children only incorporate 2 nd order information. These findings indicate that holistic face representations emerge around 10 years of age. Older children (9–11 years) showed an intermediate pattern with a trend toward holistic processing of 2 nd order faces like adults, but parallel processing in other experimental conditions like younger children. Younger children (6–8 years), in contrast, showed analytical processing across all experimental manipulations. Adults showed the most evidence for holistic processing (most strongly for 2 nd order faces) and holistic processing was weaker for inverted faces and houses. Analytical processing was operationalized as the degree of parallel processing (or no change in RT as a function of greater similarity of features or spatial relations). Holistic processing was operationalized as the degree of serial processing when discriminating faces and houses.
In the present study, school-aged children and adults performed a perceptual matching task with upright and inverted face and house pairs that varied in similarity of featural or 2 nd order configural information. One debate is the degree to which children perceive faces analytically versus holistically and how these processes undergo developmental change. 2Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USAĪlthough infants demonstrate sensitivity to some kinds of perceptual information in faces, many face capacities continue to develop throughout childhood.1Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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